Device and method for cooling workpieces

ABSTRACT

The invention relates to a device for cooling workpieces. The device has at least one nozzle which is configured to blow a fluid onto a workpiece. At least one surface temperature sensor is able to be arranged on the workpiece. In order to cool the workpiece, it is blown with a fluid by means of the at least one nozzle, the temperature of said fluid being lower than the surface temperature of the workpiece. In the process, the surface temperature is monitored by means of the at least one surface temperature sensor.

CROSS-REFERENCES TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. Ser. No. 15/484,265, filedApr. 11, 2017, which claims priority from German patent application DE10 2016 107 168.4, filed on Apr. 18, 2016. The entire contents of theseprior applications are incorporated herein by reference.

The present invention relates to a device for cooling workpieces. Italso relates to a method for cooling workpieces, which can make use ofthe device.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

In order for it to be possible to machine workpieces with micrometreaccuracy, for example on a machining centre, said workpieces, because ofmaterial expansion as a result of a change in temperature beforemachining, have to be brought to the defined basic temperature of themachine before a machining process can be started. Before the workpieceis analysed, too, for example before the measurement with micrometreaccuracy on a coordinate measuring machine for potential adaptation ofmachine tools, it has to be brought to a defined basic temperature ofthe machine.

Nowadays, the workpieces, which frequently come from pre-machiningprocesses, for example cleaning, at temperatures of up to 60° C., areintroduced into the facilities for further processing or into upstreamrooms at the same temperature and are stored there, depending oncomponent size, wall thickness and material, for up to 24 hours untilthey are processed further. In the course of this, the workpiecesgradually consistently take on the defined temperature of theenvironment.

However, this causes a time delay between the pre-machining process andthe machining process or measurement. Production release can only takeplace after temperature equalization has been ensured. Otherwise, thereis the risk of rejects being produced in the time until the measurementresult is available. Furthermore, there is a large space requirement forstoring the cooling workpieces. Moreover, these are not available forfurther machining steps until they have cooled fully.

Therefore, it is an object of the present invention to provide a deviceand a method which allow more rapid cooling of workpieces.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

This object is achieved by the device according to the invention forcooling workpieces. Said device has at least one nozzle which isconfigured to blow a fluid onto a workpiece. Furthermore, it has atleast one surface temperature sensor, or surface temperature probe,which is able to be arranged on the workpiece.

The object is also achieved by the method according to the invention forcooling workpieces. In said method, a workpiece is blown with a fluid bymeans of at least one nozzle, the temperature of said fluid being lowerthan the surface temperature of the workpiece, in particular lower thanthe surface temperature in the region targeted by the nozzle. As aresult, the workpiece cools more quickly than would be possible in aconventional cooling operation by way of heat exchange with theenvironment. The surface temperature is monitored by means of at leastone surface temperature sensor. In this way, it is possible to determinewhen the surface temperature corresponds to the desired targettemperature of the cooling operation.

The device is preferably arranged in an air-conditioned room and themethod is preferably carried out in the air-conditioned room. As aresult, an ambient temperature can be predetermined, which serves as thetarget temperature of the cooling operation. Furthermore, theair-conditioning prevents a layer of heated air forming at the workpiecesurface during the cooling of the workpiece, which layer would slow downthe rest of the cooling operation.

In principle, any medium can be used as fluid, which can be blown ontothe workpiece at a high medium speed. However, use is preferably made ofair, since this can be taken easily from the environment of theworkpiece.

Blowing preferably takes place at a blowing speed of at least 0.3 m/sec,more preferably at least 0.5 m/sec, most preferably at least 1.0 m/sec.

In one preferred embodiment of the device, the at least one nozzle isconfigured to take air as fluid from an air-conditioned room. This airis already at the target temperature of the cooling operation. If, inone embodiment of the method, air is taken as fluid from theair-conditioned room using such a device, the blowing of the workpieceis preferably continued for a predeterminable period of time after thesurface temperature thereof has reached the ambient temperature thereof.This ensures that it is not just the surface of the workpiece thatreaches the target temperature of the cooling operation, but the entireworkpiece. By contrast, immediate ending of the blowing after thesurface temperature has reached the ambient temperature for the firsttime would result in the surface temperature rising above the ambienttemperature again, since the workpiece surface would be heated again bythe warmer workpiece body.

In another preferred embodiment of the device, the at least one nozzleis configured to take air as fluid from a cold-air source of theair-conditioned room. Such a cold-air source is usually arranged in theceiling of the air-conditioned room and cools air which has been takenfrom the room to below the current temperature of the room there. Coldair is thus understood to be air, the temperature of which is below thetemperature inside the air-conditioned room. Since the air cooled inthis way is passed back into the room, the temperature thereof can belowered. If, in one embodiment of the method, a workpiece is blown usingsuch a device, the blowing of the workpiece is preferably continueduntil the surface temperature thereof has dropped below the ambienttemperature thereof. A period of time is subsequently allowed until thesurface temperature has risen to the ambient temperature. Furtherblowing onto the workpiece can then take place, wherein, for thispurpose, use is now made of air which is taken from the air-conditionedroom and is thus at the target temperature of the cooling operation. Inthis case, use is made of the fact that the air of the cold-air source,the temperature of which is below the ambient temperature in theair-conditioned room, allows rapid cooling of the workpiece surface tobelow this ambient temperature. Subsequently, on account of its stillrelatively high core temperature, the surface temperature of theworkpiece equalizes rapidly with the ambient temperature. This procedureallows even quicker cooling of the workpiece than can be achieved simplyby blowing with air at ambient temperature.

Even if the surface temperature of the workpiece could in principle bemeasured contactlessly, the at least one surface temperature sensor isin particular a surface contact temperature sensor.

In one preferred embodiment, the device has at least one movable armwhich is configured to move a surface temperature sensor up to theworkpiece. In particular, it has several arms of this kind. This makesit possible to move several surface temperature sensors up to differentpositions on relatively large workpieces, in order in this way toreliably test whether the temperature of the entire surface has reachedthe target temperature.

In another preferred embodiment, the device has at least one data linewhich is configured to be connected to a surface temperature sensorwhich is arranged on the workpiece. A data line is understood here toinclude a wireless data link, for example by radio. This makes itpossible to leave the surface temperature sensor on the workpiece afterthe end of cooling, in that only the data line is separated from thesurface temperature sensor. Upon subsequent analysis of the workpiece,the surface temperature sensor can then be used again.

The air-conditioned room is preferably an air-conditioning tunnel. Assuch, it can connect a production facility for the workpiece to ananalysis system for the workpiece. The analysis system is in particulara measuring unit and can contain for example a coordinate measuringmachine. The workpiece can then be cooled in the air-conditioning tunnelafter being produced, and subsequently be transported onwards thereininto an analysis system and analysed in the latter. This allowscontinuous production of workpieces.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawingsand explained in more detail in the following description.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic side view of a device according to a firstexemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic side view of a device according to a secondexemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 3 shows a schematic side view of a device according to a thirdexemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 shows a schematic side view of a device according to a fourthexemplary embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 5 shows a chart of cooling times of workpieces in a conventionalcooling operation and according to various exemplary embodiments of themethod according to the invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

A device for cooling workpieces according to a first exemplaryembodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 1. A productionfacility 1, which is embodied as a machining centre, has a passage intoan air-conditioned room 2 which is in the form of an air-conditioningtunnel. Via a ceiling inlet 21, air cooled to 17° C. by a cold-airsource 22 is passed into the air-conditioned room 2 in order to lowerthe internal temperature thereof to a predetermined value of 20° C. Theair-conditioned room 2 is connected to a likewise air-conditionedanalysis system 3 which in the present case contains a coordinatemeasuring machine. The device 4 is arranged in the air-conditioned room2. A conveyor belt 11 can transport workpieces 5 from the productionfacility 1, through the air-conditioned room 2 and into the analysissystem 3. In this case, the workpieces 5 are at a temperature in therange of 55° C. to 60° C. when they leave the production facility 1.Before they are transported onwards into the analysis system 3, they arecooled to 20° C. in the air-conditioned room 2.

The device 4 has two nozzles 411, 412. Air is drawn in from theair-conditioned room 2 through an intake opening 421. A workpiece 5 isblown with this air at a temperature of 20° C. by means of the nozzles411, 412. A surface temperature sensor 43, which is embodied as acontact temperature sensor, is already fastened to the surface of theworkpiece 5 in the production facility 1. It is connected to the device4 by means of a data line 44 in the air-conditioned room 2. The nozzles411, 412 blow the workpiece 5 with air until the surface temperaturesensor 43 measures a surface temperature of 20° C. for a predeterminedperiod of time. This predetermined period of time was calculatedempirically for the workpiece 5. Then, the data line 44 is removed andthe workpiece is transported onwards into the analysis system 3 formeasurement. During measurement, the surface temperature of theworkpiece is again determined by means of the surface temperature sensor43, which to this end is connected to the coordinate measuring machine.If deviations from the desired dimensions are determined in the process,a machine tool in the production facility can be adapted in order toavoid the deviations when the next workpieces are produced.

A device 4 for cooling workpieces according to a second exemplaryembodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 2. It differs fromthe device 4 according to the first exemplary embodiment in that it hasa connection line 422 to the cold-air source 22. The nozzles 411, 412can be supplied with air either by means of the intake opening 421 or bymeans of the connection line 422. The cooling operation differs from thecooling operation in the first exemplary embodiment in that the surfaceof the workpiece 5 is first of all cooled to a temperature of 17° C.with air from the connection line 422. Subsequently, the workpiece isblown again with air at a temperature of 20° C. from the intake opening421, until the surface of the workpiece 5 has reached a temperature of20° C. Then, blowing is interrupted without further delay, the data line44 is removed and the workpiece is transported onwards into the analysissystem 3 for measurement.

A device 4 for cooling workpieces according to a third exemplaryembodiment of the invention is illustrated in FIG. 3. It differs fromthe device 4 according to the first exemplary embodiment in that it hastwo surface temperature sensors 431, 432. These are not already attachedto the workpiece 5 in the production facility 1. They also do not remainon the workpiece 5 after the air-conditioned room 2 has been left.Rather, each surface temperature sensor 431, 432 is arranged at the endof an arm 441, 442. By means of the arms 441, 442, the surfacetemperature sensors 431, 432 are moved up to different positions on thesurface of the workpiece 5 before blowing is started. After blowing isfinished, they are removed from the workpiece 5 again by means of thearms 441, 442.

As illustrated in FIG. 4, in a fourth exemplary embodiment of theinvention, a connection line 422 between the device 4 and the cold-airsource 22 can also be provided when the surface temperature sensors 431,432 of the third exemplary embodiment are used.

FIG. 5 illustrates a bar chart showing how long it takes for analuminium cylinder head leaving the production facility 1 as workpiece 5at a temperature of 60° C. to be cooled to a temperature of 20° C. givendifferent volumetric flow rates of the blowing. In a comparativeexample, in which blowing is omitted, the cooling lasts for a period tof 7 hours and 58 minutes. Illustrated alongside is how blowing with airat a temperature of 20° C. and a volumetric flow rate of 500 m³/h, 700m³/h and 1000 m³/h by means of a device according to the first or thethird exemplary embodiment shortens the cooling time. In this case, avolumetric flow rate of 500 m³/h corresponds to a blowing speed of 0.3m/sec, a volumetric flow rate of 700 m³/h corresponds to a blowing speedof 0.5 m/sec and a volumetric flow rate of 1000 m³/h corresponds to ablowing speed of 1.0 m/sec. How long it takes until the surfacetemperature of 20° C. is reached for the first time is specified in eachcase. Further blowing over the empirically calculated predeterminedperiod is not contained in the specified period t. Further shortening ofthe cooling time can be achieved in that, by means of a device accordingto the second or fourth exemplary embodiment, first of all blowing withair at a temperature of 17° C. and then further blowing with air at atemperature of 20° C. takes place. This is illustrated by hatched barsin FIG. 5. How long it takes until the surface temperature of 20° C. isreached for the first time is specified in each case here, too. Furtherblowing with air at a temperature of 20° C. is not contained in thespecified period t. It can be seen that, by means of the devicesaccording to the first or third exemplary embodiment, the cooling timecan be shortened considerably. Even more pronounced shortening of thecooling time takes place by means of a device according to the second orfourth exemplary embodiment, in that the workpiece 5 is first of allcooled to below the desired target temperature in order subsequently tobe warmed up thereto.

1. Device for cooling workpieces having at least one nozzle which isconfigured to blow a fluid onto a workpiece, and at least one surfacetemperature sensor which is able to be arranged on the workpiece. 2.Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the device isarranged in an air-conditioned room.
 3. Device according to claim 2,characterized in that the nozzle is configured to take air as fluid fromthe room.
 4. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that thenozzle is configured to take air as fluid from a cold-air source of theroom.
 5. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the room isan air-conditioning tunnel, which connects a production facility for theworkpiece to an analysis system for the workpiece.
 6. Device accordingto claim 5, characterized in that the analysis system is a measuringunit.
 7. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the at leastone surface temperature sensor is a surface contact temperature sensor.8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the device has atleast one movable arm which is configured to move the surface contacttemperature sensor up to the workpiece.
 9. Device according to claim 7,characterized in that the device has at least one data line which isconfigured to be connected to the surface contact temperature sensorwhich is arranged on the workpiece.
 10. Method for cooling workpieces,in which a workpiece is blown with a fluid by means of at least onenozzle, the temperature of said fluid being lower than the surfacetemperature of the workpiece, and wherein the surface temperature ismonitored by means of at least one surface temperature sensor. 11.Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the device isarranged in an air-conditioned room, wherein air is taken as fluid fromthe room.
 12. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that thedevice is arranged in an air-conditioned room, wherein air is taken asfluid from a cold-air source of the room.
 13. Method according to claim12, characterized in that the blowing of the workpiece is continueduntil the surface temperature thereof has dropped below the ambienttemperature thereof.
 14. Method according to claim 10, characterized inthat the workpiece is cooled in an air-conditioning tunnel and issubsequently transported onwards into an analysis system and analysed inthe analysis system.
 15. Method according to claim 14, characterized inthat, during the analysis, at least one surface temperature sensor isused, which was also used for monitoring the surface temperature duringthe cooling of the workpiece.
 16. Method according to claim 10,characterized in that the at least one nozzle and the at least onesurface temperature sensor are parts of a device for cooling workpieces.